The Story of the Greenlandic Qajaq
The qajaq has a rich history that is deeply intertwined with the indigenous Inuit of the Arctic, particularly in Greenland. It has been an essential survival tool for centuries, enabling the Inuit to navigate icy waters, hunt marine mammals and travel across vast Arctic landscapes. The origins of the qajaq date back over a thousand years , to when the Inuit's ancestors, the Thule culture, developed the qajaq for hunting and transport.
The original construction of the qajaq was a wooden frame covered with sealskin, which provided a waterproof and flexible surface. Local materials such as driftwood and bone were used. The design was then adapted to the Arctic environment, resulting in a slender, elongated shape with a pointed bow and stern.
The qajaq was an important tool for Inuit hunters, enabling them to hunt marine mammals such as seals, whales and walruses. The slim and silent design of the qajaq allowed hunters to approach their prey stealthily and use harpoons, spears and other tools to secure their catch. The design of qajaqs could vary between different Inuit communities, taking into account factors such as ice conditions, sea conditions and hunting preferences.
The Inuit have developed advanced skills, including the ability to perform a roll to right a capsized qajaq without leaving the cockpit – a crucial survival skill in icy waters, which paddlers in Europe now refer to as the "Eskimo roll".
In addition to its practical use, the qajaq is culturally important to the Inuit, with building and paddling techniques passed down from generation to generation, contributing to the cultural identity of communities. Efforts are being made to preserve and promote these traditional skills. Cultural events, festivals and educational programmes help to ensure that this essential aspect of Inuit heritage, the story of the qajaq, is passed on to future generations. The qajaq is a testament to the ingenuity and adaptability of the Inuit, who developed a tool that played a crucial role in their survival and cultural identity in the harsh Arctic environment.
Gunilla Lindh
Guide and Expedition LeaderDestinations
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Experience Greenland’s untamed wilderness with the elegant 12-passenger ship M/S Balto, designed to explore the most remote fjord systems, visit isolated Inuit settlements and take you to secret anchorages. Greenland’s spectacular coastline offers some of the most remarkable nature experiences. The Arctic landscape is dominated by ice-filled fjords, majestic peaks and vast tundra.